RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Individual Differences Predict Patterns in Spontaneous Involuntary Musical Imagery JF Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal FD University of California Press SP 323 OP 338 DO 10.1525/mp.2014.31.4.323 VO 31 IS 4 A1 Müllensiefen, Daniel A1 Fry, Joshua A1 Jones, Rhiannon A1 Jilka, Sagar A1 Stewart, Lauren A1 Williamson, Victoria J YR 2014 UL http://mp.ucpress.edu/content/31/4/323.abstract AB Involuntary musical imagery (INMI) describes the everyday phenomenon of having a tune stuck in the head. Research has established the ubiquity of this form of spontaneous cognition but the predictive role of individual differences is still debated. This study examines the impact of everyday musical behaviors and subclinical obsessive compulsive attributes on INMI experiences. In total 1,536 participants completed three online questionnaires; a novel inventory of musical behavior and INMI, and a standardized obsessive compulsion (OC) inventory. Exploratory factor analysis (N = 512) and structural equation modelling (N = 1,024) were applied. Everyday singing and music listening positively predict length and frequency of reported INMI episodes, respectively. No relationships were found with musical training. High OC was positively related to INMI frequency and disturbance, but only indirectly to INMI episode length and unpleasantness. The identified contributory factors of INMI experiences are discussed in the context of musical memory and spontaneous mental activity.